46
PNL Volume 20
1988
RESEARCH REPORTS
POLYMORPHIC ISOZYME LOCI IDENTIFIED IN PISUM
Weeden, N. F.
NYS Agricultural Experiment Station Geneva, NY 14456 USA
Scandalios and Espiritu (8) first identified polymorphism in pea aminopeptidases in 1969 and demonstrated that this polymorphism was produced by allelic variants at two independent loci. Since that time over 60 additional allozyme polymorphisms have been reported in Pisum, exposing genetic variation at 50 or more structural genes. Table 1 lists the polymorphic isozyme loci for which the allelic nature of the polymorphism has been demonstrated by segregation in F2 progenies. Not all of the supporting data have been published in PNL or other jour­nals. However, appropriate segregation data will be forthcoming once the approximate chromosomal location of the respective locus has been determined. When more than one locus designation has been published in the literature, priority generally has been given to the term used with the first published segregation data. Exceptions include (1) the leucine aminopeptidase loci first published as Amp-1 and Amp-2 (reference 8) but which have become more commonly referred to as Lap-1 and Lap-2, (2) cases where synonoray probably exists but has yet to be confirmed (e.g. Amy) , and (3) cases in which the original designation has been modified by the initial investigator(s) (e.g.
Pgd-p). Additional work is still required on amylases and esterases to resolve questions of synonoray, particularly for Amy and Es.
Table 1. Isozyme loci defined in Pisum
Enzyme system
Locus
Chromosomal location
References
Acid phosphatase (alpha)
(beta)
Acp-1 Acp-2 Ac.p-3 Acp-5
5 7 3
15, 17
15, 17
15, 17
unpublished
Alanine aminotransferase
Alat-c
1
unpublished
Alcohol dehydrogenase Aldolase
Alat-p
Adh-1
Aldo
7a
3
2
12
19
14, 17
AminopeptIdase (see leucine aminopeptida
Amp-1,2 se)
—
8
Amylase
Amy (sy Amy-1 Amy-2
nonomy unknown) 2
4 6, 7, 18 6, 7, 22
Aspartate aminotransferase
Aat-c
3
18
Aat-m
Aat-mb
Aat-p
2
1
17 unpublished 9, 14, 18
Diaphorase
Dia-1 Dia-3
3
21 21
Esterase
Es
Est
Est-1
Est-2
Est-3
Est-4
4 2 2 1 7b
2 3, 4 18 18 18 18
Fructokinase
Fk
7b
unpublished
PNL Volume 20                       1988 RESEARCH REPORTS                      47
Fumarase
Fum
2c
unpubli shed
Galactosidase (beta)
Gal-1
—
11
Gal-2
2
11
Gal-3
3
11
Glutamate oxalacetate transaminase
Got-1
(synonomous with Aat-p)
4, 6
Glucosephosphate isomera.se
Gpi-c
—
unpublished
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Idh
1
16, 17
Leucine aminotransferase
Lap-1
3
1, 8
Lap-2
3
6, 8, 17, 21
Malate dehydrogenase
Mdh
1
5
Marmosephosphate isomerase
Mpi
5
18
N-acetyl-glucoaminidase
Nag
5
18
Peptidase
Pep-3
7b
18
Pep-4
7b
unpublished
Peroxidase
Px-1
5
18
Px-2
5
unpublished
Px-3
2e
unpublished
Px-4
2e
unpublished
Phosphogluocomutase
Pgm-c
(=Pgm-l)
7b
18
Pgm-p
(-Pgm-2)
2
14, 17
6-phosphogluconate
dehydrogenase
Pgd-c Pgd-p
(=6pgd-2) 5 (=6pgd-l) 7b
10, 17 iO, 18
Superoxide dismutase
Sod
2
unpublished
Shikimate dehydrogenase
Skdh
2
14, 17
Triosephosphate isomerase
Tpi-p
4
13
a - Linked to Wsp. There is some debate as to whether Wsp belongs on 1inkage group 7.
b - Linked to Rrn-2, believed to be the nucleolar organizer region on chromosome 7. However none of the more traditional chromosome 7 markers (R, Tl, Bt, Wsp) exhibit linkage to Rrn-2.
c - Tentative assignment .
In order to complete this summary of isozymes in pea, a second table has been prepared (Table 2). This table contains isozyme varia­tion which has yet to be confirmed as allelic polymorphism.
Table 2. Isozyme variation not yet shown to be allelic in nature
Enzyme system Line containing variant
Acid phosphatase-4)
1913
Fructose bisphosphatase
PI 353615
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase PI 3586 12
Glutamate dehydrogenase
PI 2539 70
Malic enzyme
PI 358612
Phosphoenolpyruvate
PI 343972
Phosphoglycerate kinase
PI 358612
Transketolase
PI 143483
Line 1913 was obtained from the Nordiska Genbanken, Sweden. The remaining lines were isolated from the USDA Plant Introduction acces­sion identified.
48                        PNL Volume 20                     1988 RESEARCH REPORTS
1.  Almgard, G. and K. Ohlund. 1970. PNL 2:9.
2.  Bereznickl, W.C. and J.B. Reid. 1978. PNL 10:3-4.
3.  Hunt, J.S. and M.F. Barnes. 1982. Euphytica 31:341-348.
4.  Mahmoud, S.H. , J.A. Gatehouse and D. Boulter. 1984. Theor. Appl.
Genet. 68:559-566.
5.  Pagowska, E. and N.F. Weeden. 1986. PNL 18:54-55.
6.  Przybylska, J., S. Blixt, H. Parzysz and Z. Zimniak-Przybylska.
1982. Genetica Polonica 23:103-121.
7.  Przybylska, J., S. Blixt, Z. Zimniak-Przybylska and J. George.
1987. PNL 19:50-51.
8.  Scandalios, J.G. and L.G. Espiritu. 1969. Mol. Gen. Genet.
105:102-112.
9.  Swiecicki, W.K. and B. Wolko. 1987. PNL 19:76.
10. Weeden, N.F. 1983. PNL 15:56-58.
11. Weeden, N.F. 1985. PNL 17:76-78.
12. Weeden, N.F. 1987. PNL 19:80-81.
13. Weeden, N.F. 1988. PNL (in press) (TPI)
14. Weeden, N.F. and L.D. Gottlieb. 1980. J. Hered. 71:392-396.
15. Weeden, N.F. and G.A. Marx. 1983. PNL 15:54-55.
16. Weeden, N.F. and G.A. Marx. 1984. PNL 16:75-76.
17. Weeden, N.F. and G.A. Marx. 1984. J. Hered. 75:365-370.
18. Weeden, N.F. and G.A. Marx. 1987. J. Hered. 78:153-159.
19. Weeden, N.F. and E. Pagowska. 1985. PNL 17:79-80.
20. Wolko, B., M. Krzakowa and W.K. Swiecicki. 1985. PNL 17:86-88.
21. Wolko, B. and N.F. Weeden. 1988. PNL (in press) (Dia-1,3)
22. Zimniak-Przybylska, Z. and J. Przybylska. 1983. PNL 15:60-61.